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Features: Scottish Parishes » Historic Shires » Orkney » Shapinsay

Helliar Holm Lighthouse, Shapinsay
Helliar Home Lighthouse, Shapinsay © 2019, Larry Myhre

SHAPINSAY PARISH

TABLE OF CONTENTS


LOCATION

Location Description:

Shapinsay is an island and parish in the North Isles of Orkney. It lies 1 mile north-north-east of the nearest part of Pomona (the mainland of Orkney), 3¼ miles south by west of Eday, and 4¾ west of the most southerly part of Stronsay. (1867: The Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, by John Marius Wilson).

Shire, District, and Region Timeline:

  • Shire: Orkney (Before 1707)
  • County: Orkney (After 1707)
  • District: North Isles (Before 1930)
  • Landward District: Shapinsay (1930-1975)
  • Island Area: Orkney (1975-1996)

Cities, Towns, Villages, and Hamlets:

Balfour, Shapinsay


PARISH TIMELINE

PRE-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Diocese: Orkney

POST-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Synod: Orkney
  • Presbytery: The North Isles

PAROCHIAL OVERVIEW:

The church of Shapinsay was dedicated to St Mary. At Linton, within this parish, are the ruins of a chapel of St Katherine.

CHURCH OF SCOTLAND CLERGY:

Includes ministers, licentiates, assistants, readers, and clerks.

  • Thomas Rattray, 1566
  • William Hair, 1591
  • Henry Smyth, 1632
  • George Smyth (son of Henry, above), 1658
  • Adam Gibson, 1665
  • Thomas Mackenzie, 1678
  • James Heart, 1689
  • Alexander Misbet, 1703
  • Alexander Pitcairn, 1758
  • George Barry, 1793
  • John Barry (son of George, above), 1805
  • Thomas Scott, 1846
  • Robert Robertson Rannie, 1871
  • Alexander Gordon Mitchell, 1896
  • Duncan Colquhoun Kerr, 1898
  • William Robertson, 1908
  • Robert Hill Richmond, 1920

(1928: Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ, by Hew Scott, D. D.)


RECORDS

Parochial Registers:

Parish registers turned over to the Registrar-General, as a result of the Registration of Births, Deaths, and Marriages (Scotland) Act of 1854. The letters B. D. and M. indicate Births (or Baptisms), Deaths (or Burials), and Marriages (or Proclamations of Banns) respectively. Numbers indicate separate volumes or books. Note: These records are by no means complete or without damage; consult the Detailed List of the Old Parochial Registers of Scotland (1872) to learn more about the condition of the records.

  • (1) B. and M. 1632-1819; D. 1793-1820
  • (2) B. 1819-54; M. and D. 1820-54

OPR and RD Numbers
Date RangeNameNumberType
1632-1854Shapinsay28OPR
1855-1971Shapinsay28RD
1972-2003Shapinsay137RD
2009Orkney Islands, Shapinsay137RD
2026Orkney Islands Council; Shapinsay Community Council

(2009: Parishes and Registration Districts of Scotland - Old and New, National Records of Scotland)

Local community councils (2026) are provided as a potential source of additional information for settlements within the original boundaries of the parish. (Source)

Population:

Statistics from informal and official censuses

  • 1755: 642
  • 1801: 744
  • 1811: 726
  • 1821: 779
  • 1831: 809
  • 1841: 935
  • 1861: 973
  • 1881: 975
  • 1901: 769
  • 1911: 718

RESIDENTS


Common Surnames:

Hepburn, Hutchison, Irvine, Mitchell, Nicolson, Reid, Shearer, Scott, Sinclair, Work

Land-owners, teachers, and other professionals:

Note: Names appearing in research materials, other than censuses. Simple names (First name, surname only) have been omitted unless they appear associated with large properties. All women's names, and men's names with occupations, military ranks, or peerage titles are included.

  • (Captain) William BALFOUR, of Elwick
  • Samuel LAING, Esq., of Papdale

Other residents:

By the Reverend Mr George Barry.
"As there is plenty of excellent peat in the parish, as the air is wholesome, and food is in tolerable abundance, the people live long; and, what is of far more consequence, they are, even at an advanced age, both vigorous and healthy. In proof of this, we may observe, that there are several above 90, some of whom work every day in boats and other ways; and that last harvest, which was no less long than rainy, some that were between 80 and 90 years of age, were employed constantly in the laborious task of shearing."
(This section contains excerpts, at times restructured or paraphrased, from an article appearing in Statistical Account of Scotland, Sir John Sinclair, 1791-1799)


NOTES:

Primary Sources:
Statistical Account of Scotland (1791-1799), Volume 17, p. 224
New Statistical Account of Scotland (1834-1845), Volume 15, Section III, p. 79

See Parish Page Sources for all source information and links.


Photo credits: (Featured) Helliar Holm Lighthouse, Shapinsay, © 2019 Alan Murray-Rust, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 2.0, (Related Resources) Orkney Locator Map, © 2024, Susan Wallace, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0.
Related Resources
Map of Scottish highland clans and lowland families
Orkney locator map
See more maps at Wikimedia Commons
Glossary
  • Burghs:
  • Royal - Towns on royal lands
  • Regality - Towns granted to noblemen/landowners
  • Barony - Towns granted to tenant-in-chief (laird)
  • Police - Towns with elected officials
  • Small - Population under 20,000
  • Large - Population over 20,000
  •  
  • Chapel-of-Ease: Small church for those living far from the main church
  • Collegiate church: See What is a Collegiate Church?
  • Commune kirk: Owned by a larger church
  • Court of Teinds: Controlled funds for support of clergy
  •  
  • Friars:
  • Black - Dominican
  • Grey - Franciscan
  • Red - Trinitarian
  • White - Carmelite
  •  
  • Iron chapel: Building made of corrugated galvanized iron
  •  
  • Landward District: Rural part of a district
  •  
  • Mensal: Source of income to support clergy member (Roman Catholic)
  •  
  • OPR: Old Parochial Register
  •  
  • Pre-Reformation: Before 1560
  • Prebend: Source of income to support a clergy member
  •  
  • QO: Quoad Omnia - Civil and church control
  • QS: Quoad Sacra - Church control only
  •  
  • RD: Registration District - Civil control
  •  
  • Tryst: Large-scale market or fair, particularly for livestock
  •